Varicose veins of the lower limbs, which is also called varicose veins, manifests itself as the enlargement of the superficial veins of the legs, which accompanies disorders of blood flow and refusal of the valves.
With varicose veins of the veins of the legs, the walls of the veins of the type of bag are formed.In this condition there is an increase in the length of the veins, their serpentine beliefs,
Valve deficiency.Varicose veins are currently very common: it is observed in about 17-25 % of people.
At a young age, before puberty, this disease develops in representatives of both sexes at the same frequency.However, in adulthood women, varicose veins are observed twice as often as in men.Such a picture can be explained by significant hormonal changes during the onset of menstruation during pregnancy.As a result, the tone of the veins is weakened, they expand and there is a violation of the venous circulation.
The causes of varicose veins of the legs
Today, experts tend to support many theories that show why varicose veins develop on their feet.But nevertheless, by talking about the root cause of this disease, it should be noted Violation of valve apparatus veinsSAs a result, the valves make it difficult to move blood in the opposite direction.Therefore, only blood flow to the heart is fully found.Insufficient vein valve function may occur due to thrombosis, Congenital valves damage, weakness of the walls of the veins and other causes.
With insufficient vein valves in a person who has risen to his feet, the blood is directed down under the influence of gravity.When walking, the muscles of the lower shafts surrounding deep veins are reduced.Respectively veins are devastated and an increase arises venous pressureSAs a result, blood enters the superficial veins, they stretch and manifest themselves Different veinsS
There are also a number of factors that directly affect the progression of varicose veins.In women varicose veins often develop as a consequence pregnancySDuring this period, blood volume increases significantly in the female body.The growing uterus is very pressed on the veins coming from the legs.In addition, in the process of pregnancy, hormonal restructuring of the body affects the condition of the veins.In many cases, varicose veins during pregnancy are reversible, that is, after birth it gradually disappears.
Very often, varicose veins of the lower limbs are manifested in people who are forced to stay in the process for a long time.Another risk factor for varicose veins is obesity: Open people have raised inside abdominal pressure and as a result the enlargement of the veins.
Often the veins also expand in people who are prone to regular homeless.This is happening at Chronic constipation., cough., prostate adenoma and other conditions.Varicose veins can sometimes turn as a result of surgery on the legs.
Another factor predisposed to varicose veins is the age of a person.As a rule, over time, aging of the valves and walls of the veins appears.As a result, the elasticity is lost and the veins are stretched.
Varicose veins are common in patients suffering Thrombosis of deep veinshave Congenital abnormalities of blood vesselsS
Given the factors that have directly influenced the development of the disease, it is customary to make a distinction between Primal And secondary Different veins.
Symptoms of the development of varicose veins of the veins
First, the visible symptoms of varicose veins on the legs are the appearance of a network of thin veins on the surface of the skin of the feet.Such manifestations occur mainly in the thigh area.Such an extended grid is easier to see for people who suffer celluliteSSometimes it is cellulite that becomes a harbinger of varicose veins.Often, fatty cellulite deposits are squeezed with venous vessels and as a result the blood flow is complex and varicose veins appear.
The capillary networks on the legs that appear at the beginning of varicose veins are called TelenoctasiaSHowever, it should be noted that such external manifestations can be signs of varicose veins and manifestation of a temporary inflammatory process.
In some cases, swelling on the legs shows the onset of varicose veins.However, such a sign may be a symptom and other diseases (heart failure., UROLITIASE OF THE DESTRACTIES).Therefore, in this case, it is impossible to speak clearly about the development of varicose veins until the diagnosis is established.
The symptom of varicose veins often also becomes a manifestation of leg pain.The pain can be acute and also have a pull signs.Most often, with varicose veins, calf pain is manifested.It is mainly found in the afternoon, after a certain load on the legs.
In this way, a person who monitors the appearance of a capillary network, the periodic manifestations of pain and edema, should consult a doctor and undergo the necessary studies.
Often varicose veins give the patient a certain cosmetic discomfort.But he can also show a feeling of intense weight in the legs, at night can happen Convulsions, on the legs they manifest themselves gradually Trophic changesS
Visually varicose diseases can manifest itself with not very noticeable "stars" of small vessels and very large nodes and plexuses, which are especially distinguished when the patient is upright.
If the veins are palpated, their elastic elastic consistency is determined, they are easily compressed.Anta over the nodes of varicose veins can have a higher temperature than the other areas.If a person occupies a horizontal position, then the vein tension disappears and the nodes become more pronounced.
If with the development of the disease one does not think how to cure varicose veins, the disease progresses and gradually the feeling of rapid fatigue, constant weight of the legs and a feeling of swelling in their tissues is joined and sometimes seizures can manifest.If swelling occurs, they disappear after a long break at night.
Diagnosis of varicose veins of the veins
The diagnosis of this disease is relatively easy.The specialist should conduct a patient examination and examination, examine a history.In the process of additional studies, the condition of the valves of the main and communication veins is determined and the level of patency of deep veins is evaluated.There are a number of different samples that allow you to evaluate the condition of the veins and the degree of development of the disease.
If the patient has uncomplicated varicose diseases, in most cases, instrumental diagnostic methods are not used.
Treatment of varicose veins of the legs
Conservative treatment of varicose veins is prescribed mainly for those people who have clear contraindications for surgery.
Also, such treatment is shown in the presence of a patient with a slight enlargement of the veins, which is an extremely cosmetic defect.The purpose of conservative therapy is also a prevention of further progression of this disease.For this purpose, patients are advised to use leg bints affected by varicose veins, elastic bandage.In addition, a compression knitwear for varicose veins is shown.People who tend to spread veins or are already ill with this disease should regularly put their feet for elevation throughout the day, thus resting for a few minutes.There are also special exercises for the lower leg and legs aimed at activating the muscular-natural pump.This is a periodic extension and flexion of the ankle and knee joints.
The patient should ensure that it is not allowed to tighten the lower legs and thighs with different objects on the toilet, as this can significantly complicate the current of the venous blood.
With the help of elastic compression, you can activate blood flow to deep veins, prevent swelling, reduce the amount of blood in subcutaneous veins, promote the metabolic processes of the body and microcirculation of the blood.
But in order to achieve positive results, it is important to turn the right leg.This process should be done in the morning without getting out of bed.Binting starts from the fingers to the hip joint until a little tension should be felt.In the process of dressing it is necessary to capture the heel and ankle joints.The dressing with each turn around the limb should half cover the previous tour.Only certified elastic bandage and compression knitwear should be purchased.
Treatment of varicose veins also implies wearing comfortable shoes that should have a low heel and hard sole.You should not stand for a long time, allow physical tension, stay in rooms with high temperature and humidity for a long time.It is advisable to keep your feet in an elevated position.
Patients should limit the use of liquids and salt, try to get rid of Excess weightSFor the treatment of varicose veins, it is necessary to periodically take medicines-diuretics, agents that improve the tone of the veins.In addition, if indicated, the patient may prescribe medicines that stimulate microcirculation in the tissues.Varicose vein therapy may also include taking non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs.
If the patient has an uncomplicated form of the disease, he or she is shown classes of exercises for physiotherapy.Swimming, other water treatments, legs with warm water, in which 5-10 % solution of sodium salt from hydrochloric acid is added very useful.
Very often, local therapy methods are used in the treatment of varicose veins.But such treatment should be used in combination with other drug methods.Local varicose veins are made in the form of gels, ointments, creams.Most of these drugs have acidic sulfur containing glycosaminoglycan or venactive components.Varicose veins contribute to the normalization of the tone of the walls of the veins, can regulate disturbed flow and microcirculation of the lymph.There are several different active components in individual local drugs.
If a secondary infection occurs in the process of varicose veins, then it is advisable to use external agents with antibiotics or AntisepticsS
Since ancient times, treatment has been used for treatment SurvivorotherapyWith varicose veins.The use of leeches that secrete the anticoagulant contained in the salivary glands allows you to dilute the blood, helps to resolveStruck, get rid of vascular stars and extended knots.In addition, survivotherapy for varicose veins reduces the pain in the legs, overcoming swelling.However, hirudotherapy is important for use in the most varicose veins.Such treatment should not be used for people with Hemophilia., anemia., hypotension., pregnant womenS
However, the radical method of therapy for varicose veins is surgical surgery.It is performed to eliminate venous venous refluxes.Such surgery is not performed in the presence of concomitant diseases of the lungs, cardiovascular system, kidneys, liver.You cannot perform such surgery for pregnant women as well as for people suffering from purulent diseases.Modern technologies allow endoscopic technique for conducting such surgery.
If a person has only small branches, the use of sclerotherapy is allowed.Such an operation involves the introduction of a sclerosing solution for sticking the walls of a vein into a vein.The veins then repeatedly injected into other segments until they reach a full strong prison.
Combined surgery is also used with varicose veins, which removes large trunks of altered veins and sclerotherapy of small branches.After surgery, it is recommended that patients continue to wear an elastic bandage for 8-12 weeks.
Treatment of varicose veins of the legs with folk methods
In addition to standard treatments, the recipes for traditional medicine, which have long been used to treat varicose veins, have a good effect.Treatment of varicose veins by folk remedies can be practiced in parallel with traditional therapy.
With varicose veins, the good effect is the use of a massage shower.Such a massage can be performed in the process of daily intake of the soul.Water jets should simply be directed to those areas where the manifestations of varicose veins are visible.The massage starts with warm jets, but over time the water should become more cold.You can also use a contrasting massage by alternating warm and cold water.It is important that such a massage ends with cold jets.If the massage is produced properly, then the areas of the skin that have been massages are blushed.After such a massage, you should grind your feet and apply a therapeutic ointment or gel on them.
With varicose veins, it is also recommended to perform therapeutic baths for the legs of herbs.Such baths should not be warm.A good effect is given in the morning in a birco bath, birch leaves, nettle.To prepare such an infusion, you need to take a teaspoon of crushed herbs and pour one liter of boiling water.The infusion should stand for several hours.The bathroom lasts about 29 minutes.To increase the tone of the blood vessels, the use of the same bath by the infusion of nettle nets, chamomile, lemon balm and oregano is effective.
Prevent varicose veins on the legs
The prevention of varicose veins involves a number of measures aimed at preventing signs of the disease.It is useful for anyone to keep their feet raised periodically, to take breaks during a sitting job and not to wear the underwear that is experienced.A good method for preventing varicose veins will be a contrast shower, including the diet of products that are useful for the blood, do some exercise.At the first signs of varicose veins, consult a doctor to prevent the disease from progressing.
Complications of varicose veins of the legs
Very often, as a complication of varicose disease, it manifests itself Acute thrombophlebitis of superficial veinsSSometimes due to damage, an extended node and bleeding occurs.With excess blood from the node that burst, very significant blood loss is possible.
In addition, due to the increased vein pressure system, the arterial blood flow slows down.Therefore, it can develop Hypoxia And the next Oxygen fastingSDue to the development of such a condition, tissue tissue can die, which is a dangerous process for the body.Due to the pronounced stagnation of blood in the veins, toxins in the tissues accumulate.
The complications of this disease also block the blood clot of the blood vessel, a disorder of the nutrition of the tissue of the legs, the appearance of pigmentation and the darkening of the skin.
Gradually turns into a more dense layer of subcutaneous fat, occurring dermatitis., Venous trophic ulcersSIn very rare cases, there is a degeneration of such ulcers in malignancies.
If the disease lasts for a long period, then one can develop subsequently Chronic venous deficiencyS
But the most dangerous complication of varicose disease is Pulmonary artery thromboembolismSThis disease is fraught with death.